Saturday, July 7, 2007

Write your own C program to implement the atoi() function

The prototype of the atoi() function is ...


int atoi(const char *string);



Here is a C program which explains a different way of coding the atoi() function in the C language.


#include

int myatoi(const char *string);

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
printf("\n%d\n", myatoi("1998"));
getch();
return(0);
}

int myatoi(const char *string)
{
int i;
i=0;
while(*string)
{
i=(i<<3) + (i<<1) + (*string - '0');
string++;

// Dont increment i!

}
return(i);
}


Try working it out with a small string like "1998", you will find out it does work!.

110 comments:

Anonymous said...

Goddam!

Anonymous said...

Phwwww .. nicely done ..

Anonymous said...

Could you please explain what you are doing in your code. I am not a C programmer and its really difficult for me to follow your code. It would be great if you post some explanation for your code.

Thanks
Paresh

AzulSky said...

Good approach but u if the string is"1998a", the result is wrong. You need to keep a check for these character.

Anonymous said...

very clever idea...

for those who didn't get it:

i<<3 is equivalent of multiplying by 2*2*2 or 8

so i<<3 + i<<1 means multiply by 10

Anonymous said...

why dint u jus use i=i*10 +(*string-'o');
why did u use left shiftin operation?

Anonymous said...

Computers can quickly use bit-wise shifts to multiply (shift left) and divide (shift right) by powers of two. A simple extension can be used to multiply by 10 by multiplying by five (with one two-bit-shift and one addition), and then another one-bit-left shift.

Anonymous said...

wot is basically done here?
why do u multiply 'o' by 10 and subtract by 'o'?
why did u choose 'o'?

Anonymous said...

nicely done w/ the shift.

Left out few special cases though:
1) did not consider decimal place.
2) did not consider sign
3) how about checking if the string is too big to be stored in an integer?

Anonymous said...

// atoi
// precondition: a string ("1234")
// postcondition: a number converted from the input string
// special case: if a string is too long, the converted number could be bigger than 2^32-1 ?
int myatoi (char* string)
{
int sign = 1;
// how many characters in the string
int length = strlen(string);

// handle sign
if (string[0] == '-')
{
sign = -1;
i = 1;
}

for (i; i < length; i++)
{
// handle the decimal place if there is one
if (string[i] == '.')
break;
number = number * 10 + (string[i]- 48);
}

number *= sign;

return number;
}

Unknown said...

GOOT IT!

phongvu1991 said...

#include "stdafx.h"
#include

#define MAX 100

using namespace std;

int my_atoi(char *s);

int main()
{
char s[MAX];

cout << "\n Nhap vao mot chuoi : " ;
cin.getline(s, MAX, '\n');

cout << " Sau khi atoi : " << my_atoi(s) << endl;

return 0;
}

int my_atoi(char *s)
{
char *copystr = strdup(s);

int dem = 0;

for(int i = 0; i < strlen(copystr); i++)
{
if(copystr[i] >= '0' && copystr[i] <= '9')
{
dem =(dem<<3) + (dem<<1) + (copystr[i] - '0');
}
}
return dem;
}

Anonymous said...

I absoulty agree with your point, I will be adding your site to my bookmarks for a follow up to this. thanks

sahil said...

what if number are inbetween a string?

#include
#inlude

int main(){

char string[] = "RAS23A42";
int sign = 1, number=0;

char cleanStr[strlen(string)];
memset(cleanStr,0,sizeof(cleanStr));

int i,j;
for(i=0,j=0;i<strlen(string);i++){

//if negative number
if(string[i]=='-')
sign = -1;
if(isdigit(string[i])
cleanStr[j++] = string[i];

}// end 'for' loop

//cleanStr now contain string :2342

i=strlen(cleanStr);
while(i<strlen(cleanStr)){
number = number * 10 + (cleanStr[i] - 48);
++i;
}
//change sign
k * = sign;

//print result
printf("%d",k);


return 0;
}

Manish said...

This code above is not working.

Manish said...

I meant sahil's code. I tried to make it work, but it gives me wired results. If possible please provide the code which takes care of sign and any characters in given string.

Anonymous said...

What if the input is a overflow case;

Anonymous said...

nyc post

Anonymous said...

can anyone post the solution?

nina said...

wel i hav aprogram which i saw in one of the books which has its function implementation as such
int atoi(char s[])
{
int i,n;
n=0;
for(i=0;s[i]>='0'&&s[i]<='9';i++)
n=10*n+(s[i]-'0');
return n;
}
i am getn the output as 0,what do i,is there any mistake in the code??

Umopepisdn said...

It's a neat trick, but I wouldn't drop this in an interview without an accompanying spiel about why using arcane syntax in real code that somebody else might have to maintain someday is never okay. :P

Unknown said...
This comment has been removed by the author.
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